Each year, Uganda marks Liberation Day on January 26th, a moment to honor the sacrifices that shaped the nation under the National Resistance Movement (NRM). While opinions vary on its significance, this day provides a lens through which we can assess the impact of 39 years of NRM leadership. Has this period truly delivered on its promise of fundamental change?
This year’s theme, “39 Years of NRM/A: Solutions to Those Who Re-sanctified Our Homeland,” emphasizes the narrative of peace and stability. The NRM’s role in fostering tranquility both within Uganda and across neighboring regions like Somalia, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo cannot be ignored. But is peace enough to define progress?
Economically, Uganda’s GDP has grown from 15,704 billion shillings in 1986 to 127,043 billion in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 6.2% during this period. This stands in stark contrast to the 1.5% growth rate between 1962 and 1986. Yet, the question lingers: has this growth adequately uplifted the average Ugandan?
The 2024 Census provides a snapshot of progress. Uganda’s population has surged from 14.7 million in 1986 to 45.9 million. Life expectancy rose from 48.1 years in 1991 to 68.2 years in 2024. Notable improvements include reduced infant and maternal mortality rates, with increased access to healthcare through initiatives like Health Centre IIIs in every sub-county. However, these gains should be viewed alongside persistent challenges in service delivery and healthcare equity.
Education has seen progress, with literacy rates now at 74%, signifying that nearly 8 in 10 Ugandans aged 10 and above can read and write. Yet, disparities in education quality and access remain unresolved. Similarly, while the unemployment rate is reported at 12.3%, questions persist about the nature and sustainability of available employment opportunities. Are these jobs sufficient to meet the needs of Uganda’s growing workforce?
Infrastructure development is a cornerstone of the NRM’s achievements, with expanded road networks, schools, and hospitals. However, issues such as corruption and uneven development often overshadow these successes. The Parish Development Model, cited as transformative, has benefited only 23.5% of households in subsistence economies, raising concerns about its inclusivity.
On the utility front, 81.1% of households now have access to improved water sources, and 53.4% use electricity for lighting. While these statistics reflect progress, gaps in universal access remain. The digital divide is also evident, with only 8.9% of the population using the internet for social networking and fewer still leveraging it for academic or business pursuits. This underscores the need for a broader digital transformation.
Liberation Day is more than a celebration; it is a call to evaluate governance and accountability. While the NRM’s contributions to stability and development are undeniable, challenges like corruption, inequality, and gaps in service delivery demand urgent attention.
As we commemorate 39 years under the NRM, let’s draw inspiration from 1 Corinthians 15:57: “But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.” True victory lies in addressing these challenges head-on, fostering a more inclusive and prosperous Uganda for all.